Improvement in dental drills



UNITED STATES PATENT FFIOE..

VILLIAM H. GATES, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

IMPROVEMENT IN DENTAL DRILLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 58,631, dated October 9, 1866.

To all whom t't may concern:

Beit known that I, WM. H. GATES, of Louisville, in the county of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Drills; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure l represents a vertical section of my improved drill on the linel F F, Fig. 2, shown in operation. Fig. 2 is a side view ot' my improved drill in the pointed bulb-shaped form. Fig. 3 is an instrument with but two of the described blades. Fig. l is a vertical section of same through l) l).

Similar letters ot' reference indicate like parts.

The object ot' my invention is to combine the efliciency ot' the ordinary drill .with the steady movement of the reamcr, so as, in. env larging pcribrations, to operate as an improved seltclearing reamer, and, through solid material, as an improved drill, to make and iinish these perforations at the same time, and separated by deep undercut grooves running spirally or diagonally to its stein, t'or the free removal oi'its cuttings.

It consists of two or more blades formed in the surface of a bulb or pointed bulb-shaped head of' steel or other drill material, the blades being beveled ott' backward, parallel from the cutting-edge,in proportion to the chip or shaving cut or the resistance encountered, so tha-t in operating they constantly glide against that portion of material which the nextblade willeut away, and thus render the movement of the instrument uniform and reliable. For this reason, in many places where other drills would be broken, this drill may be employed with safety in passing through iissures, 85e., or, in a very attenuated form, with two or three blades and a tlexible stem, in enlarging t-he devious and often iiattened canals of the pulp in the roots of necrosed teeth. For this purpose it should have a bulb shape and conical point, which,

followed by the iiexible stem, will guideit successfully through all the ordinary devious canals above mentioned. It being a matter of vital importance in the treatment of these roots that the canals should be sutlieientlyenlarged to admit of being properly filled without producing the least pneumatic effect through them on the tissues beyond, it is claimed that this instrument accomplishes that result, at the same time clearing itself of its cuttings, and the canal ot' its deteriorated fluids, instead of, pistonlikc, forcing them through thcforamen to create or aggravate disease.

As the line of the general surface or lowest point or edge ot' each blade (which may be straighttrom B to H) is always exterior to or above a line drawn from its edge to the edge of the blade adjacent, it may with care be sharpened without touching the latter; but by means ot' pliers constructed with blades crossing each other diagonally at their occlu sion, it may be irmly held and readily sharpened while each edge is snccessivel y protected by the same.

A, Fig. 1, is aportion otbrass or otherI material in which a section of the drill is shown operating; A', its linished border; B, the cutting-edges ot' the drill, Figs. l and 2, (1,.Fig. l, the shaving or portion which B will cut, and against the inside ot' which the bladesurfaces O move steadil '5 D, the grooves for re moval ot' cuttings; H, the interior edge or border of the blade-surfaces. E, Fig. 2, is the stem ofthe drill; F F, line ot' section shown in Fig. l.

I claim- A drill-head having two or more of Athe longitudinally-curved external surfaces, C, extending from B to H. in conjunction with an equal number of cuttin g-ed ges, undercut by deep grooves running backward from the end spirally or diagonally to the stem or axis, substantially' as described, and l'or the purpose set forth.

Wl. H. GATES.

`Witncssesz HENRY R. SEARLE, Jas. H. McGiLL. 

